Biology 155 - Laboratory Midterm Exam Study Guide

Review all the lab exercises - understand the purpose and procedures for every activity.
Lab 1 - Microscope, Cells, Spectronic 20, Serial dilutions
The microscope
· Parts of microscope,
· Determining the magnification of a microscope
· Measuring the size of an object,
· Converting measurements in mm to mm, and mm to mm
· Depth of field at different magnifications

Lab 2 - Scientific Method, Diffusion and Osmosis, Serial dilutions
Diffusion
· Brownian movement, effect of temperature
· Diffusion, effect of molecular weight
· Osmosis, mechanism, effect of solute concentration differences
· Effect of solute concentrations on the water content and mass of plant cells
· Plasmolysis
Serial dilutions: How to make serial dilutions
Spectronic 20
· How to zero the Spec 20,
· Graphing concentration vs. absorbance
Science and the Scientific Method
· The stages in the scientific method,
· Hypothesis vs. Theory

Lab 3 - Enzyme Action I
· The Enzyme-Substrate Complex Model
· Oxidation of Catechol
· Graphing absorbance vs. time,
· Determining reaction rates from data, Graphing reaction rate vs. concentration
· How changing enzyme concentration and substrate concentration affects reaction rate.

Lab 4 - Enzyme Action II
Inhibitors
· how to calculate percent inhibition from data
· how to distinguish competitive from noncompetitive inhibitors
· how inhibitors act on enzymes to cause inhibition

Lab 5 - Glycolysis and Respiration
· Fly anatomy, why we used the thorax
· Centrifugation of cells, contents of supernatant and pellet
· Metabolism of glucose, localization in the cell
· predict oxygen consumption based on tube's contents, and explain why
· why does methylene blue change color?

Lab 6 - Photosynthesis
· Know the overall formula for photosynthesis
· Understand that photosynthesis involves two separate sets of reactions:
- 1. light reactions - energy capture at ATP and NADPH
- 2. dark reactions - CO2 capture and reduction to make C6H12O6
· What colors of light to plants absorb and use for photosynthesis?
· When and why does DCPIP change and color?
· What is fluorescence?
· What properties of molecules allow them to be separated by chromatography?
· What evidence is provided in this laboratory that CO2 is being absorbed by plants
· How does active photosynthesis in aquatic plants change the pH of the water they live in?