{"id":4848,"date":"2025-01-27T10:26:12","date_gmt":"2025-01-27T16:26:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nicholls.edu\/safety\/?p=4848"},"modified":"2025-01-27T10:26:12","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T16:26:12","slug":"4th-quarter-2024-hazard-communication-the-global-harmonizing-system","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nicholls.edu\/safety\/2025\/01\/27\/4th-quarter-2024-hazard-communication-the-global-harmonizing-system\/","title":{"rendered":"4th Quarter 2024 &#8211; Hazard Communication &amp; The Global Harmonizing System"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong>HAZARD COMMUNICATION &amp; THE GLOBAL HARMONIZING SYSTEM<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>INTRODUCTION<\/strong><br \/>\nRecent changes in OHSA\u2019s Hazard Communication Standard have brought the regulation more in line with international standards with the implementation of the Global Harmonizing System. Implementing the Global Harmonizing System, or GHS, helps ensure improved quality and consistency in the classification and labeling of all chemicals, which in turn improves an employee\u2019s ability to quickly understand critical safety information. This program is designed to help employees understand the three key elements of the GHS: Hazard Classification, container labeling and Safety Data Sheets.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PROGRAM OUTLINE<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>BACKGROUND<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Hazardous chemicals\u2014they are found in more than 7 million workplaces and over 55 million employees handle, use or work around these potentially harmful substances throughout North America.<br \/>\n\u2022 While these substances are essential to many work processes in a variety of industries, they can also be very dangerous.<br \/>\n\u2022 Effects from worker exposure to hazardous chemicals can range from mild skin irritation to severe burns to the eyes or skin to death from various types of exposure.<br \/>\n\u2022 Hazardous chemicals can also be highly toxic, flammable or even explosive.<br \/>\n\u2022 Because of the dangers presented by hazardous chemicals, The Occupational Safety and Health Administration, OSHA, developed the Hazard Communication Standard, CFR 1910.1200.<br \/>\n\u2022 OSHA\u2019s regulation requires companies to develop a Hazard Communication Program which communicates the hazards of workplace chemicals to all employees.<\/p>\n<p><strong>THE GLOBAL HARMONIZING SYSTEM (GHS)<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 OSHA\u2019s Hazard Communication Standard was first enacted in 1983; however, recent changes have brought the regulation more in line with international standards with the implementation of the Global Harmonizing System, or GHS for short.<br \/>\n\u2022 Implementing the Global Harmonizing System helps ensure improved quality and consistency in the classification and labeling of all chemicals. This in turn improves an employee\u2019s ability to quickly understand critical safety information.<br \/>\n\u2022 Created by the international community and adopted by the United Nations, the Global Harmonizing System provides a single set of harmonized criteria for classifying chemicals and mixtures according to their health, physical and environmental hazards.<br \/>\n\u2022 The Global Harmonizing System improves hazard communication by specifying communication elements, such as signal words, pictograms and precautionary statements, which are used on container labels or Safety Data Sheets.<\/p>\n<p><strong>HAZARD CLASSIFICATION<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Hazard Classification is the process of assigning a chemical or mixture to a hazard or danger category based on its health and physical hazards.<br \/>\n\u2022 Physical hazards are the properties of a gas, liquid or solid that could adversely affect you or the workplace in a physical way, such as a fire or explosion.<br \/>\n\u2022 Health hazards are determined by the properties of a substance or mixture that can cause illness or injury to the skin, eyes, lungs or other organs and body parts.<br \/>\n\u2022 Because there are such a large variety of hazardous chemicals, there are also a large variety of physical and health hazards presented by these chemicals.<br \/>\n\u2022 To better communicate the specific information needed by chemical workers, the Global Harmonizing System has created multiple classes of hazards. There are 16 classes of physical hazards and 10 classes of health hazards.<br \/>\n\u2022 The 16 classes of physical hazards include explosives, flammable gases, aerosols, oxidizing gases, gases under pressure, flammable liquids, flammable solids and self-reactive substances and mixtures.<br \/>\n\u2022 Other physical hazard classes include pyrophoric liquids, pyrophoric solids, self-heating substances and mixtures, substances and mixtures emitting flammable gases when contacting water, oxidizing liquids, oxidizing solids, organic peroxides and substances corrosive to metal.<br \/>\n\u2022 The 10 classes of health hazards include acute toxicity, skin corrosion and irritation, serious eye damage or eye irritation, respiratory or skin sensitization and germ cell mutagenicity.<br \/>\n\u2022 Other health hazard classes include carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicology, specific target organ toxicity from a single exposure, specific target organ toxicity from repeated exposures and aspiration hazard.<br \/>\n\u2022 Of course, you may not be familiar with many of these terms and you may never work with or handle chemicals in many of these hazard classes; however, it\u2019s important for you to understand that the existence of the various GHS hazard classes makes it easier for you to receive the specific training and important information you need to work safely with the chemicals which are located in your workplace.<\/p>\n<p><strong>CONTAINER LABELS<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Container labels will provide information on the relevant hazard classifications of the chemical. The labels which conform to the Global Harmonizing System may be quite different from the traditional labels you may be accustomed to seeing, so it is important to become familiar with them and the important information they deliver.<br \/>\n\u2022 As part of the Global Harmonizing System, chemical manufacturers and importers are required to provide a label that includes a pictogram, harmonized signal word, hazard statements and precautionary statements for each hazard class and category.<br \/>\n\u2022 Remember, the GHS standardizes all of this information based on hazard category and class to ensure that all workers, worldwide, receive consistent chemical safety information.<\/p>\n<p><strong>USE OF PICTOGRAMS ON CONTAINER LABELS<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Pictograms are standardized graphics, sometimes called harmonized hazard symbols, which are assigned to a specific hazard class or category. Pictograms on a GHS label may convey health, physical or environmental hazard information.<br \/>\n\u2022 Each pictogram is assigned to only one class of hazard. A pictogram will represent either a physical hazard, health hazard or environmental hazard.<br \/>\n\u2022 Keep in mind that there is not a unique pictogram for each individual hazard within each class. In other words, one pictogram may be used to represent several hazards within a class.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PHYSICAL HAZARD PICTOGRAMS<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 There are five pictograms displayed on GHS labels to represent physical hazards of a chemical.<br \/>\n\u2022 The exploding bomb pictogram is used to signify a material as an explosive, unstable explosive organic peroxide or a self-reactive substance or mixture.<br \/>\n\u2022 The flame pictogram is used for flammable gases, liquids, solids and aerosols as well as self-reactive substances. It may also indicate a material is an organic peroxide, pyrophoric liquid or solid, a self-heating substance or mixture or emits flammable gases when it makes contact with water.<br \/>\n\u2022 The flame over circle, or oxidizer pictogram, appears on a label when a chemical is an oxidizing gas, liquid or solid.<br \/>\n\u2022 The gas cylinder pictogram is exhibited when a substance is a compressed, liquefied, refrigerated liquefied or dissolved gas.<br \/>\n\u2022 The corrosion pictogram indicates a material is corrosive to metal.<\/p>\n<p><strong>HEALTH HAZARD &amp; ENVIRONMENTAL PICTOGRAMS<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 The corrosion pictogram is also used to denote the health hazards of skin corrosion and serious eye damage.<br \/>\n\u2022 Besides corrosion, there are three other health hazard pictograms. The skull and crossbones are used when a chemical is acutely toxic to the skin, lungs or digestive system.<br \/>\n\u2022 The health hazard pictogram, sometimes called the chronic health hazard pictogram, denotes respiratory sensitization, germ cell mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity or an aspiration hazard. It is also used when a substance can cause specific target organ toxicity following single or repeated exposures.<br \/>\n\u2022 The exclamation point pictogram is used for the health hazards of acute toxicity, skin irritation, eye irritation, skin sensitization and specific target organ toxicity following a single exposure in the form of narcotic effects or a respiratory tract infection.<br \/>\n\u2022 The exclamation point is not to be used in conjunction with the skull and crossbones pictogram. It also is not used for skin or eye irritation if the corrosion pictogram also appears or if the health hazard pictogram is used to indicate respiratory sensitization.<br \/>\n\u2022 A third type of pictogram is used to indicate environmental hazards. This single pictogram is used when a substance poses acute or chronic hazards to the aquatic environment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>TRANSPORTATION PICTOGRAMS<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Pictograms are also used when chemicals are being transported; however, the pictograms used during transport are different from those found on labels.<br \/>\n\u2022 Transportation pictograms still feature the harmonized hazard symbols; however, the background, border and colors used on the transport pictogram come from in the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SIGNAL WORDS<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 There are two signal words that appear on GHS container labels. The words \u201cDanger\u201d or \u201cWarning\u201d are used to emphasize hazards and indicate the relative level of severity of the hazard.<br \/>\n\u2022 The signal word \u201cDanger\u201d represents a more severe hazard than the signal word \u201cWarning\u201d. Only one signal word, corresponding to the class of the most severe hazard, should be used on a chemical label.<br \/>\n\u2022 Keep in mind that some hazard classes have not been assigned a signal word; therefore not all labels will have a signal word.<\/p>\n<p><strong>HAZARD &amp; PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Other standardized communication elements found on GHS container labels are Hazard Statements and Precautionary Statements.<br \/>\n\u2022 Hazard Statements are standard phrases assigned to a hazard class and category that concisely describe the nature of the hazard. For example, the Hazard Statement for an eye irritant may be \u201cCauses eye irritation\u201d while the Hazard Statement for a substance with acute inhalation toxicity may be \u201cToxic if inhaled.\u201d<br \/>\n\u2022 For products which pose more than one risk, an appropriate hazard statement for each GHS hazard will be included on the chemical label.<br \/>\n\u2022 Chemical labels will also contain Precautionary Statements. Precautionary Statements are standardized explanations of the measures to be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects.<br \/>\n\u2022 There are four types of precautionary statements for each hazard class: prevention, response, storage and disposal.<br \/>\n\u2022 Some examples of \u201cPrevention\u201d precautionary statements include \u201cDo not allow contact with water\u201d and \u201cWear protective gloves.\u201d<br \/>\n\u2022 Some examples of \u201cResponse\u201d precautionary statements include \u201cIf on skin wash with plenty of water\u201d and \u201cIf inhaled remove person to fresh air.\u201d<br \/>\n\u2022 Some examples of \u201cStorage\u201d precautionary statements include \u201cStore in well ventilated place\u201d and \u201cProtect from sunlight.\u201d<br \/>\n\u2022 \u201cDisposal\u201d precautionary statements typically state to \u201cDispose in accordance to local regulations.\u201d Disposal precautions are an area the United Nations plans to further develop in the future.<\/p>\n<p><strong>OTHER LABEL COMPONENTS<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 The product identifier is the name or number used for a hazardous substance and the label should include the chemical identity of the substance. It should match the same identifier in the Safety Data Sheet for the product.<br \/>\n\u2022 Also included on the label will be the supplier identification. The name, address and telephone number should be provided.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SAFETY DATA SHEETS<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Required by OSHA\u2019s original Hazard Communications Standard, Material Safety Data Sheets have been the comprehensive source of safety information about specific chemicals; unfortunately, these valuable documents came in a wide variety of styles and formats making them hard to read and understand quickly.<br \/>\n\u2022 As part of the Globally Harmonized System, they are now called \u201cSafety Data Sheets\u201d and have a uniform format that allows employees to obtain concise, relevant and accurate information more easily.<br \/>\n\u2022 All Safety Data Sheets will have the following 16 sections, in specific order, so workers will always know which section will provide which data no matter what chemical you are referencing.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 1: Product and Company Identification\u2014This section provides the product name and use, the<br \/>\nmanufacturer and a number to call in case of an emergency.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 2: Hazards Identification\u2014Health, environmental and physical hazards are listed in this section. Also shown are the GHS standard and transport pictograms as well as the hazard and precautionary statements found on the container label.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 3: Composition\/Information on Ingredients\u2014This section gives the components of the substance and their concentration as well as their Chemical Abstract Service numbers, European Commission numbers and European Chemical Agency numbers.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 4: First Aid Measures\u2014Treating chemical exposures such as contact with the eyes and skin, inhalation and ingestion are covered in this section.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 5: Firefighting Measures\u2014This section lists the appropriate and inappropriate fire extinguisher agents to be used in the event of a fire, the exposure hazards, the combustion products and the personal protection to be worn by firefighters.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 6: Accidental Release Measure\u2014Personal precautions, environmental precautions and methods for clean up in the event of a spill are explained in this section.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 7: Handling and Storage\u2014This section provides the procedures for safe handling and storage of the chemical.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 8: Precautions to Control Exposure\/Personal Protection\u2014Exposure limits and the controls and<br \/>\nmonitoring required to prevent exposure above these limits are listed in this section. Also, the necessary personal protection needed to prevent exposure is also included.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties\u2014This section contains the various properties of the substance, such as appearance, odor, flash point, specific gravity, flammability limits and vapor density.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 10: Stability and Reactivity\u2014Such issues as stability, hazardous decomposition products, conditions to avoid and incompatible materials are discussed in this section.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 11: Toxicological Information\u2014This section explains the routes of entry to the human body as well as the symptoms and effects of exposure to the chemical.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 12: Ecological Information\u2014Provided in this section is information on the product\u2019s effect on plants or animals and its ultimate environmental disposition.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 13: Waste Disposal Considerations\u2014This section discusses how to safely dispose of the chemical.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 14: Transport Information\u2014The proper shipping name, hazard class, UN Identification Number, Transport Label required and other information required for transporting the product are listed in this section.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 15: Regulatory Information\u2014This section documents the chemical\u2019s classification under federal regulations such as the Toxic Substances Control Act, the Clean Water Act and the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act among others. It may also include applicable state and international regulations as well as European Union classification and EU risk and safety phrases.<br \/>\n\u2022 Section 16: Other Information\u2014The final section allows chemical manufacturers to provide information not found in the first 15 sections. This may include such things as the manufacturer\u2019s email address, the intended use of product, what agency issued the data sheet, date of issue, a full explanation of risk and safety phrases, just to name a few.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT<\/strong><br \/>\n\u2022 Of course, always wear the proper protective equipment specified by the container label or Safety Data Sheet. This often includes wearing gloves, protective clothing and goggles with a face shield.<br \/>\n\u2022 Respiratory protection may also be required to avoid breathing in hazardous fumes.<br \/>\n\u2022 If you are unsure about the required PPE for any chemical, stop and ask your supervisor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>HAZARD COMMUNICATION &amp; THE GLOBAL HARMONIZING SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Recent changes in OHSA\u2019s Hazard Communication Standard have brought the regulation more in line with international standards with the implementation of the Global Harmonizing System. Implementing the Global Harmonizing System, or GHS, helps ensure improved quality and consistency in the classification and labeling of all chemicals, which [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":36,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4848","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-safety-meetings"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>4th Quarter 2024 - Hazard Communication &amp; The Global Harmonizing System - Nicholls State University Office of Environmental Health &amp; Safety<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nicholls.edu\/safety\/2025\/01\/27\/4th-quarter-2024-hazard-communication-the-global-harmonizing-system\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"4th Quarter 2024 - Hazard Communication &amp; The Global Harmonizing System - Nicholls State University Office of Environmental Health &amp; Safety\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"HAZARD COMMUNICATION &amp; THE GLOBAL HARMONIZING SYSTEM INTRODUCTION Recent changes in OHSA\u2019s Hazard Communication Standard have brought the regulation more in line with international standards with the implementation of the Global Harmonizing System. 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Implementing the Global Harmonizing System, or GHS, helps ensure improved quality and consistency in the classification and labeling of all chemicals, which [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.nicholls.edu\/safety\/2025\/01\/27\/4th-quarter-2024-hazard-communication-the-global-harmonizing-system\/","og_site_name":"Nicholls State University Office of Environmental Health &amp; Safety","article_published_time":"2025-01-27T16:26:12+00:00","author":"ckern","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"ckern","Est. reading time":"11 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.nicholls.edu\/safety\/2025\/01\/27\/4th-quarter-2024-hazard-communication-the-global-harmonizing-system\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.nicholls.edu\/safety\/2025\/01\/27\/4th-quarter-2024-hazard-communication-the-global-harmonizing-system\/"},"author":{"name":"ckern","@id":"https:\/\/www.nicholls.edu\/safety\/#\/schema\/person\/4fc6dbfb1d41ca9a30074362788f8adb"},"headline":"4th Quarter 2024 &#8211; 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